The horizon is not so far as we can see, but as far as we can imagine

There’s A Reason I Say “Climate Change and Environmental Collapse”

A lot of people lump all environmental issues under “climate change.” It’s the big bad boogeyman, the easiest to observe, and the first that’s likely to cause catastrophe. This also leads some to think that the problem is relatively easy to deal with. We can simply do aerosol injections into the upper atmosphere, and that will reduce the temperature. (Once we start, however, we can’t ever stop.)

But this isn’t the case, the environment is under assault in many ways, and simple solutions may help, but won’t deal with the issue as a whole and may even make parts of it worse. Sulfate Aerosol injections would reduce the temperature, but actually cause acid rain and increase ocean acidification. That means phytoplankton still die off, algal blooms still happen, and we still lose most of the phytoplankton oxygen production.

Cirrus cloud thinning, in which we inject ice-nucleating particles into high altitude cirrus clouds to thin them, allowing more solar radiation to escape is less effective, probably damages the ozone layer, increases UV radiation (which damages phytoplankton, again) and deposits chemicals into the ocean whose effects are probably not benign.

And, again, once we start, we can’t stop, unless we have reached a point where we’re pulling significant CO2 from the atmosphere first.

There’s no free lunch here. This is a system with complicated feedback mechanisms which was more or less in homeostasis (it was actually tending to cool down very slowly and the long term trend was to another ice age. A little bit of extra CO2 was a good thing, but only a little.)

But the real issue is that climate change is only one issue out of a large number. The Earth has a bunch of systems in homeostasis, which have been that way since the end of the last Ice Age, or much longer. Each of them is required to sustain life. When they get knocked out of balance too much, mass extinctions follow and in every mass extinction, the top predator dies.

The”planetary boundaries” system is one way of thinking of it. Here’s the 2025 visualization:

7 of 9 planetary boundaries crossed

You’ll notice that biosphere integrity is actually worse than climate change right now and that’s why I say “environmental collapse” in the same breath as climate change. The ecological web of life, from microbes to apex predators, if it collapses, leads to a huge die-off very fast. Think of the famous example of “what if all the bees die?” But humble organisms which renew soil like various microbes and earthworms and insects matter. (We’ve lost most of the world’s insects already.) Those phytoplankton which produce most of the world’s oxygen. The Amazon and Congo rainforests which used to produce so much oxygen and store so much carbon.


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This stuff is complicated. We don’t understand it, not really (something denialists use to try and prove there are any problems.) When we tried to create simple biospheres, in which nothing is allowed in or out, they devolved into slime.

What that means is that if we fuck it up, we don’t know how to fix it.

Let me repeat, if we screw up biosphere integrity, we can’t fix it. We just don’t know how.

We can’t remake and seed all the creatures we extincted, from unicellular organisms to predators to plants to insects. Every one which goes extinct loses us unique biological information and resources. In most cases we haven’t even catalogued species going extinct, let alone analyzed their DNA.

Just continuing with “damn the torpedoes” is beyond stupid. I have lived a life in a society determined to self-destruct. Much of this blog’s output over the last few years has covered the end of Western hegemony, a colossal fuck up on the part of Western elites (and grats to China for playing our elites like the pathetic losers and suckers they are.)

But that issue really only matters to humanity as a whole if it descends into nuclear war. Hegemons change. It happens. Living thru it sucks if you’re on the losing side or get caught in the collateral damage, but whatever, humanity goes on.

Environmental risk is truly existential. Despite what some very bright people believe, it could kill us all. That risk, I think, is low, but it’s not zero. A two percent risk of extinction is not be sneezed at and it could be much higher. We don’t really know.

Further environmental risk is, let me repeat, essentially incalculable because we do not understand the systems involved very well. I have been right far more often than most climate scientists in my predictions because I have assumed feedback loops. My personal assessment is that we’ve reached the point where it’s self sustaining. If we haven’t, we’re close. Arctic permafrost melting is one of the atomic bombs of climate change and we also have, for example, the Amazon passing the tipping point: it will go away now, and that won’t and probably can’t be stopped and it no longer absorbs carbon but produces it.

The Amazon and Congo rain forests are also major repositories of biodiversity. (The loss of medical advances we’ll never even know about from losing so many species is absolutely massive, put aside environmental concerns.)

From the point of view of humanity as a whole, for the medium run (not even the long run now, if you’re 20 you’re going to see Hell, if you live thru it) environmental/planetary issues are by far and away number one. Nothing else even comes close.

And while I salute the Chinese shift to cleaner tech, I also see the 38 lane superhighways. Electric vehicles are better than gas ones, but they aren’t environmentally neutral, let alone good. When cars remove more harmful chemicals than are required to produce and run them, then “everyone has a car” societies will make sense. Till then, just more insanity. “Let’s have the same lifestyle as Americans, but more and with flying cars” is admirable, but mass suicide.

We’re past the point where we can stop this without massive change, and far past the point where we aren’t going to be hurt badly by it. That doesn’t mean nothing could, in theory, be done, and some of it will be. I’m sure we’ll see stratosphere injections for example. If we don’t do it before the first massive famine to hit a country with enough launch capacity, we’ll do it after.

And it’ll help, but as we discussed at the start of this article, it won’t help enough. It’s a tourniquet on a bleeder, not a cure. A palliative that still allows the patient to become sicker.

And that, my friends, is where we are. If you’re old, you may die before the worst of it. We’ll talk about this more, including what proper solutions would look like. The weird thing about those solutions is that they produce much nicer worlds for the majority of the world’s population.

We’ll also look at what failing to deal with the problem means. That’s the more likely path, alas, and it starts with billions of dead people.

More later. Be well.

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13 Comments

  1. Joan

    I am young enough I will likely live to see some of this, especially if I manage the lifespan of some of my family into one’s 90s (apparently called a nonagenarian haha).

    I’m grateful I didn’t have kids. I might adopt one day but overall I’m glad I didn’t birth a kid. The children who did get born are still the next generation of our species and so I’ll try to help my community and protect those I can. Hold onto your hats.

  2. Bob

    Humans are neither intelligent or wise enough to “do something” about this horrible situation. It would be easy enough to just start turning stuff off, lower speed limits, start to wond down industrial activity and so on. Plan for ways to live on a fraction of the energy?
    Oh that’s crazy talk.
    Meanwhile, what’s the point of bigging up China? Electric cars aren’t better, their energy isn’t cleaner. Emissions only rise. It’s all a terrible toxic mess. Machines of all sorts are killing everything. China is as bad as everything else.

  3. Jack

    To borrow from the Bard, “First thing we do, let’s capture the carbon!”

    First step: let’s begin by planting trees native to various regions all over globe to begin sequestering carbon.

    Each nation would deploy their military to this endeavor. That would at least keep them busy at some task other than hurting, maiming, and killing peoples of color!

    And if, Gawd forbid, carbon levels began to decline, we might try even more effective measures like, oh, I don’t know, free birth control for women and free vasectomies for incels…because anyone so stupid as to tell the world they are “involuntarily celibate” should NEVER be allowed to procreate.

    Even Jack Cade would be proud of that sort of rebellion because, after all, the Keebler Elves said in their 1970s television commercials, “It’s not nice to fool Mother Nature!”

  4. DMC

    I recall a study from a couple of years back that looked at differant methods of dealing with climate change that concluded that the cheapest solution was also the only one that would actually work, namely massive reforestation. That will actually deal with CO2 but won’t significantly effect other greenhouse gases, which would require specific mitagation efforts suited to their nature. It CAN be done but it will tequirr the kind of focus amd will that seem absent in most governments today.

  5. Bob

    @DMC et al, humans can’t grow trees. But trees can grow themselves if you let them be. Someone has to do something about the sheep and the deer, apparently, in my neck of the woods.
    Still, can’t just imagine stopping doing the harmful activity itself. Instead, humans have to come up with endless solutions. Geoengineering, massive fibreglass propellers, thousands of miles of copper, mountains torn down and craters dug by deisel powered machines.
    Or plant trees. Look it up. It’s not a viable project.

    Termination shock!
    That’s what the future holds.

  6. Jefferson Hamilton

    At this point, planting more trees is just going to give more fuel to forest fires.

  7. bruce wilder

    Humans are profoundly ill-equipped to deal with the consequences of our collective overshoot, politically and psychologically.

    The resistance to the very basic insight into the nature of the problem, which Ian has offered here and which has been put forward by others in many forums, is evidence of that. Humans, or at least human descendants, may survive, but I think the planet is already well into a general extinction event, which will not be stopped short of catastrophe. The catastrophe that comes first may well be an attempt to solve the problem. I think there is a non-zero probability of a nuclear war or human pandemic being triggered as a climate engineering intervention. Collectively, humans are stupid enough that such options will be preferred by the powerful to simple collective self-restraint in all uses of energy and concomitant waste.

  8. Alan Sutton

    Thank you Ian.

    Your comment about the Amazon becoming a carbon emitter rather than an absorber reminded me of this article from only a couple of days ago:

    https://www.abc.net.au/news/science/2025-10-16/australian-rainforest-trees-carbon-storage-producer/105886554

  9. different clue

    @ Jack,

    A small thing, but it wasn’t the Keebler Elves who said ” It’s not nice to fool Mother Nature”. It was the clever people who made TV advertisements for Chiffon Margarine.
    I used to see these ads decades ago on TV. And what do you know, somebody put one on You Tube.
    “Chiffon Margarine – “It’s Not Nice To Fool Mother Nature!” (Commercial, 1977)”
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ijVijP-CDVI

  10. mago

    You can’t fool Mother Nature with your hydrogenated soybean oil or seeding clouds and the stratosphere or doing whatever dumb shit paralytic minds come up with for solving ocean warming or whatever environmental problems beset us from our monumental tinkering with Gaia mostly in the service of money.
    Fragmented thinking has brought us thus far and it sure as hell won’t help us now.

  11. Failed Scholar

    The saddest part is problems like ocean acidification have been known about for ages now. I recall reading about it back in the early 2000s. I have science supplement textbooks from the early 1980s that talk about global warming, and the big oil companies were doing studies on it apparently back in the 1950s. And what did our glorious smoothbrain leaders do about it after all that time? F-all. All they care about is More Groaf and whatever brings Moar Groaf, like infinity immigration for even more Groaf. Stonks up! GDP Go Up More Gooder™!

    Paraphrasing you Ian, our leaders are so breathtakingly stupid it’s a wonder they know how to breathe.

  12. Jack

    Thanks for the Chiffon correction!

    It seems everyone is throwing their hands up in disgust and walking away from the impending climate catastrophe.

    As for fires, forests must be managed for environmental reasons, not singularly human safety.

    For almost 20 years I flew the C-130 where we performed airdrops on forest fires using the MAFFS (Modular Airborne Fire Fighting System) on forest fires. At first I thought this a societal worthy mission, but slowly I discovered it was mostly about saving property. By the end, which was when I quit this mission, I realized it was mostly about saving rich people’s homes.

    Planting trees does not cause more fires.

    Poor and ineffective management of forests causes fires.

    Finally, I know this firsthand because I have managed tree farms for almost five decades now. Designated by two spinster great aunts as their POA at 19, I managed their most valuable asset – tree farms planted for conservation and tax avoidance purposes.

    When an insect infestation threatened part of a farm, we had a controlled burn which eliminated the threat and kept the forest intact.

    Further, realizing tree farms were an opportunity for my future, I began my own tree farms, which I actively manage with thinning, vegetation controls, etc. while also monitoring neighboring farms to encourage them to grow in accordance to BMPs (Best Management Practices). And if they don’t, i seek remedy through the law and have, on occasion,, bought them out in order to protect my – and other – tree farms.

    In the grand scheme of life, I am small scale. That said, I am a leader because I am sought out by others seeking to better manage their land, forests, and make a contribution beyond our lives.

    Finally, my mantra, something I hope others might consider:

    Passionately lead people.
    Prudently manage assets.

    Check Six.

  13. Ian Welsh

    Interestingly my Uncle Jack (now deceased) ran a couple tree farms in BC.

    I remember when there was a huge infestation of asian beetles in NW BC. My father and Jack (both foresters) and BC’s chief forester wanted to do a clear cut around it, then a burn, to contain and destroy it. Politicians would not allow and it spread, devastating a massive area.

    Fools.

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